Marine survey technologies | Multi-azimuth | Large distance | Areas with obstacles | Shooting time | Shooting cost | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Towed sensors * | Narrow azimuth | NO | Limited | No | 1 | 1 |
Rich azimuth | YES | YES | No | 3 | 4 | |
Seabed cable ** | YES | Limited | Limited | 2-3 | 4-5 | |
Seabed stations | Arranged by robots | YES | YES | YES | 8 | 10 |
GEONODE *** | YES | YES | YES | 1.8 | 0.8 |
SEISMO SHELF Russia |
FairfieldNodal Z700 USA |
FairfieldNodal Z3000 USA |
Seabird CASE Abyss Norway |
CGGVeritas Trilobit France |
Geospace Technologies OBX USA |
GEONODE | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Device type | Deployment free falling | Connects by cable-rope | Deployment by robots | Deployment by robots | Deployment by robots | Connects by cable-rope | Deployment free falling |
Permissible depth | 0 – 500 metres | 0 – 700 metres | 0 – 3000 metres | 0 – 3000 metres | 0 – 3000 metres | 0 – 3450 metres | 0 – 7000 metres |
Loaded weight of one device | 32,5 kg | 30 kg | 97 kg | 150 kg | 59 kg | 15,9 kg | 23 kg |
Autonomous work time | 30 days | 15 days | 60 days | 60 days | 75 days | 30 days | 90 days |
Vessel requirements | Any | Adaptation required | Adaptation required | Special | Special | Special | Any |
Turn over to the vessel laboratory | After deployment and recover | After deployment and recover | After deployment and recover | After deployment and recover | After deployment and recover | After deployment and recover | Free mode |
Copying of obtained data | Wired | Wired | Wired | Wired | Wired | Wired | Wireless |
Data quality | Full azimuth 4 components | Full azimuth 4 components | Full azimuth 4 components | Tight azimuth 1 component | Tight azimuth 1 component | Tight azimuth 1 component | Full azimuth 4 components |
Productivity (square km per 24 hours) | 5 sq.km | 2 sq.km | 1.2 sq.km | 1.2 sq.km | 1.2 sq.km | 2 sq.km | 10 sq.km |
Device location on the sea surface | No | No | No | No | No | No | Radio beacon with GPS, flag and lamp for day and night detection |
Time synchronization | External GPS receiver for manual connection with device after opening of the case | External GPS receiver for manual connection with device | External GPS receiver for manual connection with device | External GPS receiver for manual connection with device | External GPS receiver for manual connection with device | External GPS receiver for manual connection with device | Integrated receiver GPS/GLONASS automatically carries out synchronization |
Data backup on the vessel | No | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Advatage | No | Relatively dense inline selection in comparison with other seabed systems | Working in deep water – up to 3000 m. One vessel required. | Working in deep water – up to 3000 m. One vessel required. | Working in deep water – up to 3000 m. One vessel required. | Relatively dense inline selection in comparison with other seabed systems | Universal arrangement: line, cross. Free fall system and self-pop-up. Fast arrangement, pulling up and rearrangement |
Disatvantage | Case should be opened for data copying after pulling up | Two vessels are necessary for work. Manual recharge – 8 hours. | Robots are necessary for deployment. It is big and heavy equipment. Small number of devices in the line of arrangement. Battery recharge takes 30 hours | Robots are necessary for deployment. It is big and heavy equipment. Small number of devices in the line of arrangement. | Robots are necessary for deployment. It is big and heavy equipment. Small number of devices in the line of arrangement. | Partially manual arrangement. Additional noise because of rope. | Disatvantages found in competitive devices are not revealed |